国务院令[1992]第102号
1992年7月12日
第一条 为加强对外商参与打捞中国沿海水域沉船沉物活动的管理，保障有关各方的合法权益，制定本办法。
第二条 本办法适用于外商参与打捞中国沿海水域具有商业价值的沉船沉物活动。
沉船沉物的所有人自行打捞或者聘请打捞机构打捞其在中国沿海水域的沉船沉物，不适用本办法。
第三条 本办法下列用语的定义：
(一) 外商，是指外国的企业或者其他经济组织或者个人。
(二) 沿海水域，是指中华人民共和国内海、领海和属于中华人民共和国管理辖的其他海域。
(三) 沉船沉物，是指沉没于中国海水域水面以下或者淤埋海底泥面以下的各类船舶和器物，包括沉船沉物的主体及其设备、所载的全部贷物或者其他物品。
具有重要军事价值的沉没舰船和武器装备及被确认为文物的沉船沉物不在外商参与打捞的对象之列。
(四) 打捞作业，是指根据共同打捞合同或者中外合作打捞企业合同，对沉船沉物进行的各种施工活，包括扫测探摸、实施打捞及相关的活动。
(五) 打捞作业者，是指具体实施打捞作业的单位或者个人。
第四条 中国政府依法保护参与打捞中国沿海水域沉船沉物的中外双方（以下简称参与打捞的中外双方）的应得收益和其他合法权益。
参与打捞的中外双方的一切活动必须遵守中华人民共和国的有关法律、法规和规章，接受中国政府有关主管部门的管理与监督。
第五条 中华人民共和国交通部主管有关外商参与打捞中国沿海水域沉船沉物的事宜。
第六条 外商参与打捞中国沿海水域沉船沉物，可以采取下列方式：
(一) 与中方打捞人签订共同打捞合同，依照合同规定的双方权利和义务，实施打捞活动；
(二) 与中方打捞人成立中外合作打捞企业，实施打捞活动。
第七条 中方打捞人为具有实施打捞作业资格的专业打捞机构，其资格由中人民共和国交通部按照国家规定的专业打捞机构的条件予以审定。
第八条 共同打捞合同和中外合作打捞企业合同必须有明确的打捞标的。参与打捞的中外双方在打捞过程中发现的不属于合同标的的其他沉船沉物，不得擅自实施打捞。
第九条 中华人民共和国交通部负责统一组织与外商洽谈打捞中国沿海水域沉船沉物的事宜，确打捞项目，并组织中方打捞人与外商依法签订共同打捞合同或者中外合作打捞企业合同。
第十条 外商与中方打捞人签订的共同打捞合同，应当符合《中华人民共和国涉外经济合同法》的有关规定，并报经中华人民共和国交通部批准。
外商与中方打捞人组成中外合作打捞企业的，应当按照《中华人民共和国中外合作经营企业法》的规定履行有关审批、登记手续。
第十一条 共同打捞合同和中外合作打捞企业合同报送审查批准机关审批时，必须提交中华人民共和国港务监督机构（以下简称港务监督）对打捞作业实施方案核的有关文件；涉及渔港水域的，应当提交渔政渔港监督机关的有关核准文件；涉及海上军事禁区、军事管理区的，应当提交军事主管部门的有关核准文件。
审查批准机关应当自接到上述合同审批申请之日起四十五日内决定批准或者不批准。
第十二条 共同打捞合同批准后，外商应当自接到的批准证书之日起三十日内向中华人民共和国国家工商行政管理局申请营业登记，领取营业证；并应当在领取营业证之日起三十日内向当地税务机关办理税务登记手续。
第十三条 外商参与在中华人民共和国内海或者领海内打捞沉船沉物，应当承担打捞作业期间的全部费用和经济风险。中方打捞人负责与有关部门的协调，办理必要的手续及打捞作业期间的监护。
外商参与在中华人民共和国内海、领海外属中华人民共和国管辖的其他海域内打捞沉船沉物，应当承担扫测探摸阶段的全部费用和经济风险。需要打捞的，由中外双方按照合同规定实施打捞。
第十四条 外商为履行共同打捞合同所需船舶、设备及劳动务，在同等条件下应当优先向中方打捞人租用和雇佣。
第十五条 外商参与打捞中国沿海水域沉船沉物的捞获物（以下简称捞获物）应当按照下列方式处理：
(一) 在中华人民共和国内海或者领海内捞获的沉船沉物，属中华人民共和国所有，外商根据共同打捞合同或者中外合作打捞企业合同的规定，从捞获物或者其折价中取得收益；
中方打捞人根据国家有关规定或者中外合作打捞企业合同的规定从捞获物或者其折价中取得收益。
(二) 在中华人民共和国内海、领海外属中华人民共和国管辖的其他海域内捞获的沉船沉物，由参与打捞的中外双方按照合同规定的比例对捞获物或者其折价进行分成。
(三) 捞获物中夹带有文物或者在打捞作业活动中发现文物的，应当立即报告当地文物行政管理部门，由文物政管理部门按照中华人民共和国有关文物保护的法律、法规处理，并给有关人员适当的奖励。
第十六条 外商依法取得的捞获物可以按照国际市场价格由中国政府有关部门收购或者由外商依法纳税并办法海关手续后运往国外。
外商所得外汇收入或者其他收益，可以在纳税后依法汇往国外。
第十七条 打捞作业者在实施打捞作业前，应当按照《中华人民共和国海上交通安全法》的有关规定申请发布航行警告。
中华人民共和国交通部应当将打捞作业的起止时间、地理位置等情况通报国家海洋局等有关部门。
打捞作业者实施打捞作业时，必须在港务监督核准的作业区域内进行，并按照港务监督的要求报告有关动情况。实施打捞作业不得使用危害海洋资源、海洋环境、海底设施、海上军事设施和其他损害中华人民共和国利益的方法。
第十八条 实施打捞作业应当自始自终有参与打捞的中外双方的有关人员参。双方共同负责捞获物的登记和保管工作。
第十九条 所有捞获物应当在中国政府主管部门指定的地点接受有关部门的检查。
第二十条 违反本办法打捞中国沿海水域沉船沉物的，港务监督有权责令其停止打捞作业，并可给予警告、罚款的处罚，其中已给国家和他人造成损失的，应当承担赔偿责任。
罚款数额按照国家有关海上交通管理处罚的规定执行。
第二十一条 香港、澳门、台湾的企业、个人及其他经济组织参与打捞中国沿海水域的沉船沉物，参照本办法执行。
第二十二条 本办法由中华人民共和国交通部负责解释。
第二十三条 本办法自发布之日起施行。
国务院 1992年7月12日 颁布
Measures for the Administration of the State Council on Participation of Foreign Firms in the Salvage of Sunken Ships and Objects in the Chinese Coastal Waters
Decree [1992] No.102 of the State Council
July 12, 1992
Article 1 These Measures are formulated in order to strengthen the control of the participation of foreign firms in the activities salvaging sunken ships and objects in the Chinese coastal waters and to ensure the lawful rights and interests of the parties concerned.
Article 2 These Measures shall apply to the participation of foreign firms in the activities salvaging sunken ships and objects with commercial value in the Chinese coastal waters.
These Measures shall not apply to the cases where the owners of the sunken ships and objects engage in the salvage themselves or invite salvage agencies to undertake the salvage in the Chinese coastal waters.
Article 3 For the purpose of these Measures, the following terms shall have the meanings respectively defined hereunder:
(1) "Foreign firm" means enterprises or other economic organizations or individuals of foreign countries.
(2) "Coastal waters" means the internal seas and territorial seas of the People's Republic of China as well as all the other sea areas under its jurisdiction.
(3) "Sunken ships and objects" means all kinds of vessels and objects which have sunken under the surface of water or have been buried beneath the mud surface at seabed in the Chinese coastal waters, which include the main bodies of the sunken ships or objects and their equipments, and all of the cargoes or other sundries loaded thereon.
Sunken warships and weaponry with important military value and sunken ships and objects confirmed as cultural relics are not covered in the scope of salvage by the participation of foreign firms.
(4) "Salvage operation" means all kinds of operational activities for salvaging sunken ships and objects according to a joint salvage contract or a contract for a Chinese-foreign salvage cooperative enterprise, including the implementation of survey, identification, salvage and other activities related thereto.
(5) "Operator of salvage" means any unit or individual that actually operates the salvage.
Article 4 The Chinese Government shall protect, in accordance with the law, the gains and other lawful rights and interests due to the Chinese and foreign parties who participate in the salvage of sunken ships and objects in the Chinese coastal waters (hereinafter referred to as "Chinese and foreign parties participating in the salvage").
All the activities of Chinese and foreign parties participating in the salvage shall comply with the related laws, rules and regulations of the People's Republic of China, and be subjected to the control and supervision of the competent authorities of the Chinese Government.
Article 5 The Ministry of Communications of the People's Republic of China is in charge of the affairs regarding the participation of foreign firms in the salvage of sunken ships and objects in the Chinese coastal waters.
Article 6 Foreign firms may participate in the salvage of sunken ships and objects in the Chinese coastal waters in either of the following modes:
(1) To sign a joint salvage contract with a Chinese operator of salvage and undertake the salvage activities in accordance with the rights and duties of each party as stipulated in the contract;
(2) To establish a Chinese-foreign salvage cooperative enterprise with a Chinese operator of salvage and undertake the salvage activities.
Article 7 Any Chinese operator of salvage shall be a professional salvage agency with the qualification of undertaking salvage, and such qualification shall be examined and approved by the Ministry of Communications of the People's Republic of China pursuant to the state-formulated requirements of the professional salvage agency.
Article 8 Definite salvage targets must be expressly fixed in either a joint salvage contract or a contract for a Chinese-foreign salvage cooperative enterprise. Any sunken ships or objects other than those fixed in the contracts found during the salvage operation may not be salvaged by either Chinese or foreign party participating in the salvage without authorization.
Article 9 The Ministry of Communications of the People's Republic of China shall be responsible for uniformly organizing negotiations with foreign firms on affairs concerning the salvage of sunken ships and objects in the Chinese coastal waters, determining salvage projects and organizing Chinese operators of salvage to sign joint salvage contracts or contracts for Chinese-foreign salvage cooperative enterprises with foreign firms in accordance with the law.
Article 10 The joint salvage contract signed between a foreign firm and a Chinese operator of salvage shall accord with the related stipulations of the Law of the People's Republic of China on Economic Contracts Involving Foreign-related Matters and be subject to the approval by the Ministry of Communications of the People's Republic of China.
The Chinese-foreign salvage cooperative enterprise formed by a foreign firm and a Chinese operator of salvage shall go through the formalities of examination and approval as well as registration in accordance with the stipulations of the Law of the People's Republic of China on Chinese-foreign Contractual Joint Ventures.
Article 11 While a joint salvage contract or a contract for a Chinese-foreign salvage cooperative enterprise is submitted to the authorities for examination and approval, the relevant documents of the implementing salvage plan approved by the harbor superintendency establishments of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as harbor superintendency) shall be presented; where an area of fishing port is involved, the relevant documents approved by the fishery administrative authorities and fishing harbor superintendency establishments shall be presented; where a military forbidden area or district is involved, the relevant documents approved by the competent military authorities shall be presented.
The examination and approval authorities shall, within 45 days after receiving the application for examination and approval of the above-mentioned contract, decide whether to approve or disapprove.
Article 12 After the approval of the joint salvage contract, the foreign firm shall apply for business registration to the State Administration for Industry and Commerce of the People's Republic of China within 30 days after its receipt of the document of approval and obtain a business license; it shall register with the local tax authorities within 30 days after obtaining the business license.
Article 13 A foreign firm participating in the salvage of sunken ships and objects within the internal seas and territorial seas of the People's Republic of China shall bear all the costs and expenses as well as the financial risks during the salvage operation. The Chinese operator of salvage is responsible for the coordination with the relevant authorities, the fulfillment of the necessary formalities and the guardianship during the salvage operation.
A foreign firm participating in the salvage of sunken ships and objects beyond the internal seas and territorial seas of the People's Republic of China and within other sea areas under its jurisdiction shall bear all the costs and expenses as well as the financial risks in the phase of survey and identification. The Chinese and foreign parties shall implement the salvage operation according to the stipulations of the contract where the salvage is necessary.
Article 14 The vessels, equipments and labor services needed by the foreign firm in implementing the joint salvage contract shall first be leased and employed from the Chinese operator of salvage, if the conditions are the same.
Article 15 The objects recovered from the salvage of sunken ships and objects in the Chinese coastal waters with the participation of a foreign firm (hereinafter referred to as "recovered objects") shall be disposed of in the following ways:
(1) The ownership of the sunken ships and objects recovered within the internal seas and territorial seas of the People's Republic of China resides in the People's Republic of China. The foreign firm shall obtain its gains from the recovered objects or the sum evaluated in terms of money in accordance with the stipulations of the joint salvage contract or the contract for the Chinese-foreign salvage cooperative enterprise.
The Chinese operator of salvage shall obtain its gains from the recovered objects or the sum evaluated in terms of money in accordance with the relative stipulations of the State or those of the contract for the Chinese-foreign salvage cooperative enterprise.
(2) The sunken ships and objects recovered from beyond the internal seas and territorial seas of the People's Republic of China but within other sea areas under its jurisdiction shall be distributed to Chinese and foreign parties participating in the salvage according to the proportions stipulated in the contract, in form of the recovered objects or the sum evaluated in terms of money.
(3) Any cultural relics found in the recovered objects or during the salvage operation shall be reported to the local administrative department for cultural relics without delay. The department for cultural relics shall dispose of them in accordance with the law and regulations of the People's Republic of China concerning cultural relics protection and give appropriate rewards to the personnel concerned.
Article 16 The recovered objects obtained by the foreign firms according to law can be purchased by the relevant authorities of Chinese Government at the price of international market or transported abroad by the foreign firms after being taxed and going through the Customs formalities pursuant to the Chinese Law. Foreign currency of other gains obtained by the foreign firms can be remitted abroad after being taxed according to Law.
Article 17 Before the salvage operation, the operators of salvage shall apply for the issuance of a navigation warning in accordance with the relevant stipulations of the Maritime Traffic Safety Law of the People's Republic of China.
The Ministry of Communications of the People's Republic of China shall circulate the related data such as the commencement and termination time of the salvage operation and its geographical position to the State Bureau of Oceanography and other relevant authorities.
The operators of salvage shall engage in their salvage operation within the operational area approved by the harbor superintendency and report the progress of the salvage activities according to the requirements of the harbor superintendency. Any methods detrimental to marine resources, marine environment, underwater facilities, marine military installations and other interests of the People's Republic of China may not be used in salvage operation.
Article 18 The relevant personnel from Chinese and foreign parties participating in the salvage shall, from the beginning to the end, take part in the salvage operation and are jointly responsible for the work of registering and storing the recovered objects.
Article 19 All the recovered objects shall receive the inspection by the relevant authorities at the place assigned by the competent authorities of the Chinese Government.
Article 20 Anyone who has violated these Measures to salvage sunken ships and objects in the Chinese coastal waters shall be ordered to stop the salvage operation and be warned or fined by harbor superintendency. The violator who has already caused losses to the State or other individuals shall bear the liability of compensation.
The amount of fine shall be appraised and decided according to the related penalty provisions of the State marine traffic administration.
Article 21 The participation of any enterprise or individual or other economic organization from Hong Kong, Macao or Taiwan in the salvage of sunken ships and objects in the Chinese coastal waters shall be handled with reference to these Measures.
Article 22 The Ministry of Communications of the People's Republic of China shall be responsible for the interpretation of these Measures.
Article 23 These Measures shall enter into force as of the date of promulgation.
Promulgated by The State Council on 1992-7-12 |
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